A brain tumour is a mass or abnormal growth of cells in the brain. These tumours can be either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Brain tumours can originate in the brain itself (primary tumours) or spread to the brain from other parts of the body (metastatic tumours). There are various types of primary brain tumours, including gliomas, meningiomas, pituitary tumours, and medulloblastomas, each with different characteristics and treatment approaches.

Symptoms include headaches,nausea and vomiting, seizures, cognitive changes, motor deficits, and changes in mood or personality. The type of symptoms generally depends on where the tumour is located in the brain and its size.

Brain tumours are diagnosed using a combination of imaging techniques such as MRI, CT scans, and PET scans, as well as biopsy analysis of the tumour tissue to determine its type and grade.

Treatment options for brain tumours may include surgery, radiation therapy (including gamma knife radiosurgery), chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and sometimes a combination of these approaches. The choice of treatment depends on the type, size, and location of the tumour, as well as the overall health of the patient.