Hydrocephalus is a neurological condition characterised by Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) accumulation within the brain, leading to an increase in intracranial pressure. This build-up of fluid can result from an imbalance between the production and absorption of CSF or an obstruction within the brain’s ventricular system.

Some symptoms of hydrocephalus can include:
Headaches
Nausea
Vomiting
Vision problems
Cognitive difficulties
Gait instability
Memory impairment
Urinary incontinence
An enlargement of the head in infants

Early diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial for preventing potential neurological damage and improving the quality of life for individuals affected by hydrocephalus. The choice of surgical intervention depends on various factors, including the underlying cause of hydrocephalus, the age and overall health of the patient, and the specific characteristics of the condition. Some patients may require a lumbar puncture to assess the intracranial pressure or to look for improvement of symptoms.

Surgical procedures to treat hydrocephalus include:
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV): A minimally invasive procedure that involves creating a hole in the floor of the third ventricle of the brain, allowing CSF to flow directly to the surface of the brain, where it can be absorbed.
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt (VPS) Placement: A surgical procedure that involves placing a shunt that drains CSF from the brain’s ventricles into the peritoneal cavity, the space in the abdomen that contains organs such as the stomach and liver.